The manufacturing equipment, greatly improving the material removal rate, and ensure the quality of machining accuracy and processing of modern manufacturing technology. Has the following characteristics: low thermal deformation and cutting force, the material removal rate high, high precision, reduce process. High-speed cutting technology, makes the scope of application of carbide dies, but currently expanding cutting mechanism of high speed cutting technology is not model theory, high-speed cutting tools don't get massive application, now buy a high-speed cutting tools to 100-400 million yuan RMB, the small mould manufacturing enterprise general enough money to purchase such expensive high-speed cutting tools.
    Heavy machining is with a cutting tool and workpiece blank or excess material layer cut, to make the workpiece geometry shape and obtain regulation size and surface quality of processing methods.
    Any cutting must have three basic conditions: cutting tool and workpiece and cutting movement. The blade, cutting tool material must have hard than workpiece, Different tools structure and cutting forms of exercise, different cutting method. Use blade and blade are fixed number of cutting tool of turning, drilling, milling, boring, cutting, cutting and sawing; etc. Blade and blade with fixed number of cutting tools or abrasive methods of grinding, polishing, grinding, honing, and etc.
Machining is the main machinery processing methods. Although semifinished product manufacturing precision casting, unceasing enhancement, forging and pressing, powder metallurgy etc widely applied, processing, but due to the machining range wide, and can achieve high precision and low surface roughness in mechanical manufacturing process still plays an important role.
    Machining dates back to primitive splitting, creating bone drilling stone tools, etc. Of the paleolithic period, In China, early in the 13th century BC shang medium-term (has), the method can mirror polishing processing, In the 12th century BC), with bronze drill holes in the oracle bones, Western han dynasty (206 B.C.), the drill rod and tube has been used in drilling and grinding method in the sand add JinLvYuYi "of more than 4,000 block solid jade piece, more than 18,000 diameter drill holes 1 ~ 2 mm.
    In the middle of the 17th century, China began to replace human driver using animal cutting tools. If the animal, in 1668 driving device and milling cutter tooth astronomy instrument in diameter (2) of the ancient culture culture, then big bronze ring with stone precision.
18th century, the British industrial revolution began, due to the steam engine invented, machine and modern machining began with a steam engine, By the 1870s, machining and began to use electricity.
    The principle of metal cutting study began in the 1950s, the study of grinding principle began in the 1980s, after various new tool materials arise. 19 century, the high speed steel paper cutting knife cutting speed than the allowable cutting carbon tool and alloy steel cutter improve more than twice reached 25 meters per minute, 1923 the carbide cutting tools, cutting tool and improve faster than HSS twice, After the 1930s the metal, ceramic and super-hard material (synthetic diamond and CBN)), and further improve the cutting speed and precision machining.
    With the continuous development of cutting tools and machining precision, and constantly improve the efficiency and automation, application scope is expanding, thereby greatly promoted the development of modern machinery manufacturing.
Metal machining many classification method and process characteristics are common, the material removal rate and the machining precision and surface forming methods according to three classification method.
    Machining process characteristics of cutting tool depends on structure, and the cutting tool and workpiece relative motion forms. So the technique characteristics, cutting can generally be divided into: turning, milling, drilling and boring, JiaoXiao, cutting, cutting, grinding, sawing, grinding, honing, machining, polishing, processing, worm and gear processing, threaded processing and ultra-precision processing, fitter and scraping, etc.
According to the material removal rate and the processing precision machining, moldings can be divided, machining, machining, finish machining, modification and ultra-precision processing, etc.
    Early in the cutting depth is big, the time or a few times, workpiece cut off all or most of the limits.but methods, such as rough machining, planer, rough milling, drilling and sawing, rough machining efficiency but low precision, generally used in processing, Half a rough machining precision machining and general process between the middle, With fine machining precision is the way, make the machined surface achieve high precision and surface quality, fine, fine fine hinge, planer, etc, finishing is generally end processing.
    After finish machining precision is in, its purpose is to get smaller, and the surface roughness slightly improve precision. Finish machining limits.but small, grinding, honing, such as super fine grinding and ultra precision, etc. Pertaining to the goal is to reduce processing surface roughness, in order to improve the corrosion prevention, dustproof performance and improve the appearance, but not required, such as improving precision polishing, sandblasting polishing, etc. Ultra-precision processing is mainly used for aerospace, laser, electronics, energy needs some special precision parts processing, the IT4 above, such as high precision machining, grinding, mirror mirror RuanMo grain chemical mechanical polishing, etc.
    When the workpiece machining processing surface is already on cutting tool and workpiece relative to obtain. According to surface machining method, can be divided into the path of the lathe, forming cutter, show the diagnosis.
    Tip trajectory is relative to the surface of workpiece on tip trajectory, to obtain the required on the surface of the workpiece geometry shape, such as turning round, the cutting plane, grinding, profiling the round shape face, turning point trajectory depends on the cutting machine tools and provided the relative motion of the workpiece,
    Forming cutter method is used as forming method of workpiece surface profile with the final match of forming cutter, or forming grinding wheel, etc, like the forming process turning, milling and forming of forming grinding, etc, due to the forming of the manufacturing is difficult, so only commonly used for machining short forming,
    Recent exhibition and say, is cutting processing cutting tool and workpiece relative motion, tool and workpiece velocity centrode interaction between pure rolling, for sure, maintain ratio is obtained in the blade surface movement in the envelope, gear processing gear roll teeth and top gear, gear shaving, and gear grinding are geartooth flank generating etc. Some machining and forming method of both the path of the lathe tools, such as the thread of turning.